Then answer the following question: What can be inferred about the weather in Chicago? Click on 2 answers 0 It is influenced by a glacier. O It is temperate and stable. In the above example, you would click on the oval to the left of second and third statement. Sometimes, a response format is visual. In that case, you click on the correct visual with your mouse. Sometimes, a response will involve matching. In that case, you must classify each new piece of information you are given into three or four categories, according to classifications or distinctions you learned when reading the stimulus.
You do this with your mouse. This section contains six speaking tasks. Each task requires you to respond to a single question, a talk, conversation, or lecture. The tasks will require you to listen to a lecture or conversation or to read a short passage. You will then respond to a question. You may take notes and use them to help you respond to the questions. Your speaking proficiency is evaluated on the general fluency and accuracy with which you use the English language.
The speaking section lasts 20 minutes. Before responding to questions, you will be given 15 to 20 seconds to think about how you will respond to the question. In the iBT, you will respond to two writing prompts.
There are two types of writing tasks, an integrated essay task and an independent writing task. The integrated essay task combines the language skills of reading, listening, and writing. You will read a short passage, hear a short lecture on the topic, and then write an essay in response to a specific set of directions for the essay.
You may take notes and use them to help you write your essay. You will have 20 minutes to plan and write your essay. The independent writing task asks you to give your opinion on a familiar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan and write your essay. A clock appears on the screen to help you manage your time as you complete your essays.
After you hear taped conversations you will answer questions. Short Conversations Part A contains short dialogs between two people followed by a question about what the people said in their conversation. A speaker may give advice, apologize, or ask for information.
Generally, key information is found in the second speaker's sentence. The correct choice is the one that directly answers the question. Woman They'd already locked the doors by the time I got there. Man What does the woman mean? B She was too late. C She locked the doors. D She had to buy the door. The correct choice is B. Since the doors were locked when she arrived, she could not have gone shopping. Note that the other choices use words heard in the conversation. Choices that contain such words are usually not correct.
Part A contains samples of informal American English. Extended Conversations In Part B you will hear extended conversations between two or more people, a student and either a professor or a campus service provider.
Usually, there are two conversations, and the language is more formal. Choose your answer from among the four choices that appear in your test booklet. Pay particular attention to this information as it prepares you for what follows. Minitalks Part C contains short presentations given by a single speaker.
There are usually three. There are generally three lectures followed by four to five spoken questions about its content. You may take notes while you listen and refer back to them when you answer the questions. Look at the example of the minitalk below. Man Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to this tour of one of the nation's most important cities, Chicago.
Before we begin, I'd like to give you some background information that will make the tour more enjoyable for you. The city was founded in It currently is the third largest metropolitan area in the United States. The city's site is generally level, built mostly on a glacial plain. The narrow Chicago River extends one mile inland from Lake Michigan, where it splits, dividing the city into North, West, and South sides.
Chicago's weather is subject to rapid changes, but generally the climate is cold and windy in the winter, and hot and humid in the summer. B Its location on Lake Michigan. C Its large population. D Its location along the Chicago River. Remember that you will not have a written copy of the speaker's presentation or conversation and you will only hear it once.
You must concentrate on details, such as names, dates, and the main idea of the selection that you hear. Do not read the choices as you listen to the talk. The sentences are academic; ones that you typically find in college-level texts, journals, and encyclopedias. The sentence topics include the social sciences, physical and life sciences, and the humanities.
Structure The structure questions test your ability to recognize correct structure and word order. These questions consist of a sentence with one or more words missing. Here is an example of this type of question. Written Expression The written expression questions test your ability to recognize errors in grammar or expression. These questions consist of complete sentences with four underlined words or phrases. An example follows. D The correct choice is D.
In addition to inappropriate parts of speech, be sure to check for missing words and extra words that are inappropriate for the context. Many TOEFL test takers complain that they do not have enough time to carefully answer all questions in this section. It is very important that you follow the instructions in this book, so that you will use all the allotted time to your advantage. You must work quickly and efficiently. Here is a sample passage. You WILL SEE: A lens has one or more curved surfaces that refract, or bend, light rays passing through it to form an image on a surface beyond the lens.
Examples of such surfaces are the retina of the eye or a movie screen. The distance from 5 the lens to the focal plane is known as focal length. In cameras, telescopes, and similar devices, the lens is turned on a screw-thread mounting to adjust the focal length.
This action allows focusing of images of objects at various distances. In the human eye, focal length is 70 adjusted by muscles that alter the lens curvature. Light rays of different colors are bent by varying degrees as they pass through a curved surface. Such an arrangement of lenses is called an achromatic lens. A A curved surface that refracts light B The distance from the focal plane to the lens C Adjustment by the muscles that alters lens curvature D The degree that light rays of different colors are bent by the lens This is a factual question.
The information needed to answer this question is directly stated in the text. Choice B is the correct answer. Some questions will ask you to draw conclusions based on material in the passage; others will ask about the main idea of a selection.
Some may even ask what information does not appear in the passage. Vocabulary Items The vocabulary questions in this section test your English vocabulary.
There are between 12 and 1 7 questions focusing on specific words from the reading passage. Each word is taken from a specific line in the text; the line is referred to in the question.
You must choose the word that has the same meaning from among the four choices given. Here's an example from the previous text. Additional hints for vocabulary questions can be found in Chapter 2. Cohesion occurs when elements of a passage are linked to other elements. To understand cohesion when it is used, one must understand the passage. Cohesion items typically test object pronouns it, they, them and demonstrative pronouns this, these, those.
Here is an example of a question that involves cohesion. On the iBT, you are penalized for not answering questions.
On multiple-choice test items, if you must guess, choose B or C , since they are slightly more likely to be the correct response to the question than A or D. A box under a question may tell you to "Click on two answers.
For example, you may be given a series of events to place in a specific order. You will click on the sentences and drag them to the appropriate slots that appear on the test item screen. Because the iBT requires a greater variety of response formats, always read the directions for each test item carefully.
Ask yourself, "What do I need to do here? The amount of time available is stated at the beginning of each section. If you are taking the ITP TOEFL, be sure to wear a watch deactivate any sounds your watch may make before entering the test session and be aware of the time you have remaining. No watches are allowed in the room for the iBT. Work quickly and accurately. In the reading section of the iBT, you may skip questions, or go back and change answers.
However, do not waste time doing this unless you are fairly certain that you have made a mistake! You cannot return to questions in a previous part once you have clicked on Continue after the last question in that part. Change your answer only if you fmd a better answer. Prepare yourself for the test. Being well prepared will give you the confidence you need to achieve the very best result for you. It is also a good way to prepare for the test generally.
The reading section of the iBT contains approximately three to five passages with questions for each passage. In the ITP, there are four to five reading passages and up to 50 questions. It is important for you to remember that your general vocabulary is tested in all sections of the TOEFL.
However, it is in this section of the TOEFL where your knowledge of specific vocabulary items is tested. Passages from which vocabulary questions are drawn are written in a formal, academic style, typical of most college- or university-level texts and journals.
The topics of these passages are those a first-year college student in North America would be likely to encounter. Some passages contain references to North American places and personalities. Others will refer to historical events and may include dates. It is important for you to understand that your knowledge of these North American places and personalities is never tested on the TOEFL. You do not have to be familiar with the content of the passages to be successful on this section of the TOEFL.
First, as a warm-up, you will read a sample passage for the ITP and work through the test questions. Then you will read a sample iBT passage and work through those questions. In subsequent years, Americans and other foreign groups moved to the islands. They began to influence local politics.
She was replaced by Stanford B. Congress approved legislation permitting Hawaii to convert to statehood. What does the passage mainly discuss? The item tests whether you understand what they refers to. The correct answer is B. Look at the phrase "in exchange for" in the passage. This is a whole phrase item. One clue to the meaning of this phrase is the word exchange.
Since you are already familiar with exchanging money or exchanging addresses, you can probably guess that this has something to do with a two-way transfer-in this case, the right to use some land in Hawaii for access to U. According to the passage, which of the following is true about King Kalakaua? He made a trade agreement with the United States. He supported bloodless revolution. This is an example of a fact question.
The response to the question is directly stated in the passage. You would darken circle B , since he was the leader of Hawaii who gave the United States exclusive military rights in exchange for a trade agreement.
Why does the author mention Americans and foreign groups in the passage? They supported Queen Liliuokalani's plan to remain an independent nation.
This item requires you to identify the author's purpose for mentioning a specific fact in the passage. You would darken circle A , since the foreign groups that arrived in Hawaii did, indeed, exert great political power in local Hawaiian politics. Find the phrase "in favor of" in the passage. Here, you would darken circle C , wanted to join the union. This phrase strongly suggests that a vote has been taken and that the Hawaiians supported statehood by the margin given.
Therefore, in favor of must indicate a positive vote, or formal support for a particular proposition or candidate. Examine the task below. In this type of task, you must insert the sentences into the appropriate place in the passages. Where could the sentence best be added? An introduction for a short summary of the passage appears below.
Its agricultural products were sought by many nations around the world. You would darken those three circles. Instead, most noteworthy historical events are caused by a plethora of conditions and events.
For example, many scholars believe that the Great Depression in the United States can be attributed to sev- SJ eral national and worldwide conditions. First, though it may not have been a direct cause of the Great Depression, the Mississippi Valley in America experienced a severe drought around the time of the Great Depression.
Along with the drought, farmers had not rotated crops or used cover crops to prevent erosion. Thus, when they plowed the topsoil, the natural grasses that would normally trap moisture and keep the soil in place were displaced. As a result, the region experienced severe dust storms and agricultural damage. They had little choice but to sell their farms and travel to other states to fmd work, even if it meant migrating 20 from farm to farm to pick fruit for low wages.
Although some prominent investors, such as members of the Rockefeller family, bought large quantities of stock to demonstrate 30 their confidence in the market, their efforts could not prevent the crash.
The Great Crash sparked a twelve-year economic slump that affected Western indus- 35 trialized countries. Third, over 9, banks failed during the s. Unlike today, bank deposits were not insured, meaning that many people lost their savings.
Banks also became more hesitant to loan money. In tum, because production was reduced, employers reduced their workforces. Unemployment rose to over 25 percent in As people lost their jobs, they became unable to pay for items they bought on installment plans, and so their goods were repossessed, which resulted in an increase in businesses' inventories.
The act was sponsored by U. The act, which raised U. The act was not without its opponents, however. For example, in May , 1, economists signed a petition asking President Hoover to veto the legislation. Morgan chief executive Thomas Lamont also met with the president to request that he veto the act.
President Hoover opposed the bill but nevertheless signed it into law. Foreign governments also opposed the act. While the bill was moving through Congress, foreign governments had threatened retaliation by raising the tariff BOJ rates on American goods imported into their countries. After the bill was signed into law, foreign governments lived up to their threats. For example, Canada, the U. Find the word it in line Using your mouse, click on the word or phrase in the passage that it refers to.
This is an antecedent question. He signed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law. You would click on response D. Why does the author mention economists in the last paragraph of the passage? Because they exerted undue influence on President Hoover. The correct response is B. Find the word they in line Using your mouse, click on the word or phrase in the passage that they refers to. Using your mouse, you would highlight the word by clicking on farmers in the passage.
You would click on the square of your choice in the passage to place the sentence in the passage. With which of the following statements would the author of the reading most probably agree?
High tariffs should be used to protect farmers. The correct response is A. Complete the summary by choosing three of the six choices that best summarize the information in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they are not included in the passage or are min. The Great Depression in the United States was not caused by one event or condition; instead, it was caused by several.
As a result, they had to leave their farms. The Rockefeller family bought large quantities of stock. The best sentences to be added to the passage are A , C , and E. Using your mouse, you would click on each of the three answer choices, and then drag and place each next to one of the three dots above the option. You are then asked to identify a synonym for that word. You must identify the word among the choices that is closest in meaning to the word in quotation marks.
Words that are very close or identical in meaning are called synonyms. Now go back and examine question 2 on page 16 again. The topic is from U. The correct answer is D , debatable. Debatable is a S monym for controversial As in this example, the word you select is the one that best matches the meaning of the word in quotation marks. Note that all four of the choices make sense in the sentence and that they make use of other information given in the passage. Therefore, you must know the word in order to make the correct choice.
Because the context may not help you, you should simply look at the underlined word and choose its synonym from among the four choices, then check to see if the synonym makes sense in the sentence in which it appears. It is best for you to use this strategy because it will prevent frustration and save time. So choose B or C when guessing. Also remember that answer choices that contain the same prefix or suffix, or are pronounced like the underlined word are seldom the correct answers.
Note that choice A , adversarial, sounds and has letters similar to controversial. Such words are often used to distract you. Unless you are sure of the answer, do not choose these words. Look at question 2 on page 16 again, noting the word in quotation marks. Do not reread the line referred to or the paragraph that contains it. Instead, read the four choices and make your selection of the best synonym. This is an example of how you should read vocabulary items. If you know the meaning of the word and recognize the synonym, there is no need to read the context in which it is used.
If you do not know the meaning of the word, you must make an educated guess about its synonym. All of the choices from the example above fit into the original context. Through a somewhat adversarial process, Hawaii was the last territory to become a state. Through a somewhat remarkable process, Hawaii was the last territory to become a state. Through a somewhat gratifying process, Hawaii was the last territory to become a state. Through a somewhat debatable process, Hawaii was the last territory to become a state.
These sentences show that the context does not help you to determine the meaning of the word being tested. If you simply cannot decide on the answer, you can refer to the sentence in which it is used. In the case of the phrasal examples above, there may be some clues in the context that can help you tease out the meaning of the phrase, as shown above.
It may also help you to remember any previous experience you have had with the word. However, you are often better off ignoring the context if you know the answer, and you should not waste a lot of time analyzing contextual information. In these exercises, you are given a word followed by four possible synonyms.
Your task is to mark the letter of the correct synonym. The following matching exercise uses the example previously introduced. Look only at the word in quotation marks and search for a synonym among the answer choices. Spending too much time studying word roots, prefixes, and suffixes can cause you to misuse valuable time. You should try to spend only 30 seconds on each vocabulary question. If you must guess, choose B or C as your answer.
Your score on Section 3 is based solely on the number of correct answers. Timing and checking your work. Click to rate this post! You may also like. July 1, March 26, March 11, Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Go to mobile version. Advanced embedding details, examples, and help! The book also presents detailed advice on ways that students can expand their English language vocabulary. They will find helpful tips on using a dictionary and a thesaurus to expand word power plus practice tests with answer keys.
The tests are designed to help students evaluate their expanding word-learning progress and increased vocabulary in English. Access-restricted-item true Addeddate Reviewer: Watchsmart - favorite favorite favorite favorite - August 1, Subject: Helpful Vocab Guide This is a fairy old edition of the book, but it still holds up.
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